Glossary of Banking Terms

The amount of money in an account at the start of the business day, including all deposits and withdrawals posted the previous night, whether or not the funds have been collected. See collected balance collected balance .

Account Statement

A printed or online statement of all the funds paid out by or paid into your account during a statement cycle.

Active Account

An open bank account in which transactions can be made; usually an account that has had activity within the last 3 years.

Affinity debit card

A debit card issued in affiliation with a participating organization (for example, a charity or sports team). Affinity debit cards have all the same benefits as standard Bank of America debit cards and are available with eligible checking accounts.

Annual percentage yield (APY)

The total amount of interest paid by the bank on your deposit account (checking checking , savings, CDs, IRAs) during the year. Includes both interest paid on the amount held in the account, as well as compounded interest for the year.

Automated Clearing House (ACH)

A nationwide funds transfer network that enables participating financial institutions to electronically credit, debit and settle entries to bank accounts.

Automatic funds transfer

An arrangement that automatically moves funds from your account to another on a date you choose; for example, every payday.

Automatic payment

An arrangement that automatically deducts funds from your account (usually a checking account checking account ) on the day you choose in order to pay a recurring bill (such as car, insurance, mortgage payments, etc.).

Available Balance

The amount of money in your account that is available to spend, withdraw or cover transactions. Your available balance is updated throughout the day based on your account's activity. Your available balance incorporates any holds on your account, such as holds for debit card transactions we've authorized, and deposit holds.

Keep in mind that there are a few things that are not included in your available balance such as checks you've written that we haven't received yet and upcoming automatic payments. You'll also want to account for transactions where the final amount may differ from the amount that was originally authorized, such as when a tip is added to a restaurant charge.

Average Daily Balance

The sum of all the daily account balances during an accounting period (usually a monthly statement cycle), divided by the number of days in the same period. May be used to determine whether a service charge applies or whether your account qualifies for special services or discounts. See minimum daily balance minimum daily balance .

B

Banking center

A Bank of America branch office. There are more than 5,700 Bank of America banking center locations banking center locations .

Bill Pay

An optional service from Bank of America that lets you pay your bills online.

Bounced Check

A check that is returned to the depositor because there are not sufficient funds to pay the amount of the check.

C

Canceled Check

A check that has been paid. A canceled check is usually acceptable as legal proof of payment.

Cashed Item Returned Fee

Cashier's check

A check issued by a bank and paid from its funds. A cashier's check will not usually bounce because the amount it is written for is paid to the bank when it is issued, and the bank then assumes the obligation.

Certificate of Deposit

A time deposit that is payable at the end of a specified amount of time or term. CDs generally pay a fixed rate of interest and, depending on the market rate environment, can offer a higher interest rate than other types of deposit accounts. Terms can range from 7 days to 10 years. CDs are insured by the FDIC up to applicable limits. If early withdrawal from the CD prior to the end of the term is permitted, a penalty is usually assessed. See Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation .

Certified Check

A check for which the bank guarantees payment.

Checking Account

A type of deposit account that enables customers to deposit funds and withdraw available funds on demand, typically by writing a check or using a debit card. These accounts are sometimes interest-bearing.

Check card

Check image

A service that provides images of canceled checks. Each account statement includes images of checks (up to 10 per page) that posted to the account during the statement cycle. You can view and print copies of the front and back of checks posted within the last 12 months by signing on to Online Banking. You can also request copies of checks by visiting your nearest Bank of America banking center, or by calling the customer service number on your statement.

Check safekeeping

A service where the bank keeps copies or digital images of all checks written against your account for 7 years, instead of returning them with account statements. You can view photocopies of canceled checks posted within the last 12 months by signing in to Online Banking or visiting your nearest Bank of America banking center.

Collected balance

The balance in a deposit account, not including items that have not yet been paid or collected. See Account balance Account balance .

Combined balance

The total funds in all of your linked accounts, such as savings, checking and CDs. For some checking accounts, the combined balance determines whether you may avoid the monthly fee.

Compound interest

Interest that is calculated on both the accumulated interest and the principal balance in the account. The more frequently interest is compounded, the higher the effective yield.

Credit

The increase in a deposit account balance that occurs when a deposit is made to the account. See also Debit Card Debit Card .

Credit card

A plastic card issued to an individual that allows that person to use credit to purchase goods and services. A credit limit is established for each card holder.

D

Debit

A decrease in a deposit account's balance, such as occurs when a check posted to the account. See also Credit Credit .

Debit card

A plastic card that deducts money directly from the designated Bank of America checking account to pay for goods or services. It can be used anywhere Visa ® or Mastercard ® debit cards are accepted and no interest is charged. A debit card can also be used at ATMs to withdraw cash.

Deposit

Money added into a customer's bank account.

Digital wallet

You can use the credit and debit cards stored in your digital wallet to make purchases at participating merchants.

Direct deposit

A service that automatically transfers recurring deposits into your checking, savings or money market account. Deposits can include salary, pension, Social Security and Supplemental Security Income (SSI) benefits, or other regular monthly income.

Disclosure

Information about an account's services, fees and regulatory requirements.

E

Electronic funds transfer (EFT)

Any transfer of funds initiated by electronic means from an electronic terminal, telephone, computer, ATM or magnetic tape.

Emergency cash

A service provided by Visa to Bank of America personal debit card customers. In the case of emergency (theft, etc.) replacement cash can be delivered to you directly or to a convenient location anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.

EMV/Chip Card

An EMV or chip card is a standard card that contains an embedded microchip as well as a traditional magnetic stripe. The chip encrypts information to increase data security when making transactions at terminals or ATMs that are chip-enabled.

F

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

The FDIC is an independent agency of the United States government that protects people who have funds on deposit with FDIC-insured banks and savings associations against the loss of their insured deposits if their bank or savings association fails. FDIC insurance is backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government.
The FDIC guarantees deposit accounts (checking, savings, money market savings and CDs) up to applicable limits, which is $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank, for each account ownership category.

Float

The time between the date when a check is deposited to an account and the date the funds become available.

G

H

I

Inactive account

A bank account in which there have not been any transactions for an extended period of time. In some cases, when there has been no activity in the account within a period specified by state law (generally at least 3 years), the law requires the bank to turn the account over to the state as unclaimed property.

Interest-bearing account

An account that earns interest.

Interest rate

The percentage of interest paid on an interest-bearing account, such as savings, CDs and some checking accounts; also, the percentage charged on a loan or line of credit. Different types of accounts and loans pay or charge different rates of interest. See original interest rate original interest rate .

IRA

An Individual Retirement Account (IRA) is an account that provides either a tax-deferred or tax-free way for you to save for retirement. There are many different types of IRAs but Roth, Traditional and Rollover IRAs are the most common. Within an IRA, some people invest in mutual funds or stocks, while others may choose bank products such as CDs and money market savings accounts. Each IRA has certain eligibility requirements and unique features.

J

Joint account

An account owned by 2 or more people.

K

L

Linked account

Any account linked to another account at the same financial institution so that funds can be transferred electronically between accounts. In some cases, the combined balance of all linked accounts may determine whether monthly service and other fees are applied to the account.

M

Maturity date

The date that a CD term ends, the bank stops paying the agreed-upon interest and you can choose to take the money deposited or renew the term.

Minimum daily balance

The lowest end-of-day balance in an account during a statement cycle; a certain minimum daily balance is often required with interest-bearing accounts to avoid a service charge or qualify for special services. See Average Daily Balance Average Daily Balance .

Money Order

A financial instrument, issued by a bank or other institution, allowing the individual named on the order to receive a specified amount of cash on demand. Often used by people who do not have checking accounts.

Monthly maintenance fee

The fee charged to maintain a particular account, such as a checking or savings account. Bank of America offers many options to help avoid the monthly maintenance fees on checking and savings savings accounts.

N

Non-bank ATM

An ATM or cash machine that provides ATM cardholders with access to their accounts, but is owned and operated by an independent bank or financial institution. Fees generally apply to cash withdrawals at non-bank ATMs and they don't generally accept deposits.

O

Online Banking

A service that allows an account holder to obtain account information and manage certain banking transactions via personal computer or mobile device.

Original interest rate

Rate assigned when you open a CD account. The original interest rate is listed on your CD account receipt and statement.

Overdraft

An overdraft happens when you don't have enough money in your checking account to cover a payment or purchase, but we allow the payment or purchase to be made. When this happens a $10 overdraft fee is charged.

The decision to allow an account to overdraft is made at our discretion. If we decide to decline your transaction or return it unpaid, we won't charge a fee. However, you may be charged a fee by the payee.

Overdraft protection

Balance Connect ® for overdraft protection is an optional service which allows you to link up to five eligible backup accounts and can help you avoid overdrafts and declined or returned items. When you do not have enough funds in your checking account to pay for an item, available funds are automatically transferred from the linked backup account(s) to cover your transactions. There are no transfer fees when you use Balance Connect ® . It's important to note that transfers from a linked credit card or HELOC may result in interest charges. Please see the Deposit Agreement and Disclosures Deposit Agreement and Disclosures for more information about eligibility and how Balance Connect ® transfers work.

Overdraft Settings

The overdraft setting for your checking account determines how the bank handles transactions that exceed your available balance.

The Standard overdraft setting is automatically applied to most checking accounts. With this setting ATM withdrawals and everyday debit card purchases will only be authorized if you have enough money in your account or linked backup account(s) at the time of the transaction. Other types of transactions such as checks and scheduled payments may be paid, causing an overdraft, and you may be charged an Overdraft Item Fee.

You can also choose the Decline All overdraft setting on some accounts. With this setting ATM withdrawals and everyday purchases will only be authorized if you have enough money in your account or linked backup account(s) at the time of the transaction. Other types of transactions such as checks or scheduled payments will be returned unpaid if you don't have enough money in your account. A payee could charge you a fee if your payment is returned.

We pay overdrafts at our discretion based on factors such as the purchase or withdrawal amount and your account history, which means we don't guarantee that we'll always authorize and pay any type of transaction. We typically don't pay overdrafts if your account isn't in good standing or you aren't making regular deposits. We reserve the right to require you to pay overdrafts immediately. See your Deposit Agreement and Disclosures Deposit Agreement and Disclosures for additional information.

P

Personal identification number (PIN)

The unique number you must use to access your account at an ATM or make a purchase with a debit card. Your ATM number should always be kept confidential.